Generate accurate Chicago Style (17th Edition) citations with Notes-Bibliography or Author-Date format. Perfect for humanities, social sciences, and history papers!
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Chicago Notes-Bibliography: Use footnotes or endnotes for citations in your text, with a full bibliography at the end. Commonly used in humanities.
Notes-Bibliography: Uses numbered footnotes/endnotes in text with a bibliography. Common in humanities (history, literature, arts).
Author-Date: Uses parenthetical citations (Author Year) in text with a reference list. Common in social sciences (sociology, psychology).
Choose the system required by your discipline or instructor.
Footnote: FirstName LastName format, commas between elements, parentheses for publication info.
Bibliography: LastName, FirstName format, periods between elements, no parentheses, hanging indent.
First footnote is full citation; subsequent citations use shortened form.
Titles: Use title case for books and articles - capitalize all major words (nouns, verbs, adjectives).
Journals: Capitalize journal names in title case and italicize them.
Lowercase prepositions, articles, and conjunctions unless first word.
See how Chicago citations work for different source types
Footnote:
1. Walter Johnson, The Broken Heart of America (New York: Basic Books, 2020), 45-67.
Bibliography:
Johnson, Walter. The Broken Heart of America. New York: Basic Books, 2020.
Footnote:
2. Susan Jones, "Climate Policy Changes," Environmental Studies Quarterly 45, no. 3 (2023): 234-256.
Bibliography:
Jones, Susan. "Climate Policy Changes." Environmental Studies Quarterly 45, no. 3 (2023): 234-256.
Footnote:
3. Michael Brown, "Understanding AI Ethics," Tech Insights, March 15, 2024, accessed November 30, 2025, https://techinsights.com/ai-ethics.
Bibliography:
Brown, Michael. "Understanding AI Ethics." Tech Insights. March 15, 2024. Accessed November 30, 2025. https://techinsights.com/ai-ethics.
In-Text:
(Johnson 2020, 45-67)
Reference List:
Johnson, Walter. 2020. The Broken Heart of America. New York: Basic Books.
In-Text:
(Jones 2023, 234-256)
Reference List:
Jones, Susan. 2023. "Climate Policy Changes." Environmental Studies Quarterly 45 (3): 234-256.
In-Text:
(Brown 2024)
Reference List:
Brown, Michael. 2024. "Understanding AI Ethics." Tech Insights. Accessed November 30, 2025. https://techinsights.com/ai-ethics.
Our free Chicago citation generator is perfect for quick references, but for comprehensive research papers, essays, and academic writing with proper Chicago formatting, get expert help from qualified writers at IAssignmentHelp!
Yes! Our Chicago Style citation generator following the 17th edition manual is 100% free with no registration required. Generate unlimited citations for both Notes-Bibliography and Author-Date systems for all your academic papers.
Use Notes-Bibliography for humanities subjects like history, literature, philosophy, and arts. Use Author-Date for social sciences like psychology, sociology, political science, and anthropology. Always check your instructor's or publisher's requirements.
Use superscript numbers in sequential order throughout your text. Place the number after punctuation (except dashes). The first citation should be full; subsequent citations of the same source use a shortened form (Author Last Name, Shortened Title, Page). Number footnotes consecutively starting from 1.
Turabian is a simplified version of Chicago Style designed specifically for students. It's based on Chicago but with more straightforward guidelines. The main formatting rules are essentially the same - both use notes-bibliography or author-date systems. Turabian is more commonly used for undergraduate papers, while Chicago is the full professional standard.
In Notes-Bibliography system, yes - you typically include both footnotes/endnotes AND a bibliography, though some instructors may allow only one. In Author-Date system, you only need in-text citations and a reference list (no footnotes required).
For 1-3 authors, list all names. For 4+ authors in footnotes/in-text citations, use the first author's name followed by "et al." (e.g., Smith et al.). In the bibliography/reference list, list up to 10 authors; use "et al." only for 11+ authors.
Yes! This tool follows Chicago Manual of Style 17th edition guidelines suitable for theses and dissertations. However, always check your university's specific formatting requirements as some institutions have additional style guidelines. For comprehensive thesis support including proper Chicago formatting throughout, consider our professional academic writing services.
Use our free Chicago citation generator or get comprehensive help with research papers, essays, and dissertations with proper Chicago formatting. We also offer expert assistance with essay writing and research papers for humanities and social science students.